Am I responsible for my spouse's credit card debt in divorce?
When you get divorced, you're still responsible for any debt in your name. If you have shared accounts in both of your names, such as a joint credit card or shared mortgage, you and your ex will likely share responsibility for the debt equally.
Since California is a community property state, the law applies that the community estate shared between both individuals is liable for a debt incurred by either spouse during the marriage. All community property shared equally between husband and wife can be held liable for repaying the debts of one spouse.
Simply put – your spouse is not responsible for paying your creditors for your debts just because they are your spouse. Although they may not be legally obligated to repay your debts, in some situations your spouse's assets can be at risk due to actions your creditors may take when collecting on an unpaid debt you owe.
Key takeaways. The party responsible for debt after divorce depends on multiple factors, like where you live, any prenuptial agreements and whose name bears the loans or debt. Generally, the person who signs the loan agreement is the responsible party for not only the debt but also any late fees incurred.
You can protect yourself from your spouse's debt by signing a prenuptial agreement before you get married and avoid taking out joint credit. It's especially important to protect equity in your home during a divorce to ensure you get your fair share, since this is likely the largest asset you have.
You are generally not responsible for someone else's debt. When someone dies with an unpaid debt, if the debt needs to be paid, it should be paid from any money or property they left behind according to state law. This is called their estate.
If you live in a community property state, you probably will be responsible for debts accumulated by your spouse during the marriage. (These states are California, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Washington, Idaho, Wisconsin, and Louisiana, while Alaska, South Dakota, and Tennessee make it optional.)
Couples in community property states can sign pre- or postnuptial agreements to treat debts and income separately. However, a contract between you and your spouse only won't affect whether a creditor can pursue you for debt (they still can). It really only impacts property and debt division upon divorce.
Any assets acquired during the marriage, whether titled jointly or separately, are considered “community property” and belong equally to both spouses. This also means that you are equally responsible for any debts, even if only one of you signed for them or was named in the judgment.
Financial infidelity occurs when one partner hides or misrepresents financial information from the other, such as keeping secret bank accounts or hiding purchases. It does not necessarily involve marital infidelity, though it can lead to divorce.
Who is responsible for credit debt in divorce?
When you get divorced, you're still responsible for any debt in your name. If you have shared accounts in both of your names, such as a joint credit card or shared mortgage, you and your ex will likely share responsibility for the debt equally.
This is often handled within the divorce process rather than as a separate lawsuit. While direct lawsuits for the act of financial infidelity are not typically viable, the legal system provides mechanisms through divorce and marital property laws to address and remediate the financial damage caused by such actions.
Pay off or transfer debts ahead of the divorce if possible.
If you don't have the ability to clear those debts before the divorce, it's a good idea to instead transfer them to accounts controlled solely by whichever party the court has ordered to repay the debt.
While getting a divorce doesn't directly hurt your credit score, it's common for people to find themselves in trouble with their credit after a divorce because many of the financial dynamics that you're used to change drastically.
- Legally Establish The Separation Or Divorce. ...
- Get A Copy Of Your Credit Report And Monitor Activity. ...
- Separate Debt To Financially Protect Assets. ...
- Move Half Of Joint Bank Balances To A Separate Account. ...
- Comb Through Assets. ...
- Conduct Cash Flow Analysis.
Typically, heirs are not held responsible for a deceased person's medical debt, unless they have explicitly agreed to assume responsibility, or if the spouse resides in a community property state. In community property states, the spouse might be liable for half of the medical debt accrued during the marriage.
As a general rule, you are not responsible for the debts of your spouse. Also, if you marry someone you do not become obligated to pay the debts they incurred prior to the marriage.
When a person dies, creditors can hold their estate and/or trust responsible for paying their outstanding debts. Similarly, creditors may be able to collect payment for the outstanding debts of beneficiaries from the distributions they receive from the trustee or executor/administrator.
The nine community property states in the U.S. are Arizona, California, Idaho, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin. World Population Review. "Community Property States 2024."
Additional examples of unsecured debt include medical debt and most types of credit card debt. If you die with unsecured debt, repayment becomes the responsibility of your estate. Your legal estate refers to all the assets, property and money left behind by you or another deceased person when they die.
What is the conjugal debt?
Its specific focus is the concept of conjugal debt, that is, the notion that both husband and wife had a duty to perform sexually at the request of their mate.
The relevant information to focus on here is that California is a community property state, which means that legally married couples jointly own everything – including debt. As a result, it is possible for a creditor to garnish a spouse's bank account if their spouse owes a debt.
Debts either spouse incurred during marriage
Property acquired during marriage is liable for the debts of either spouse. So, a creditor whose claim arose during the marriage can collect your spouse's unpaid credit card debt from both halves of the community property, including your wages.
Debt incurred during a marriage is generally the joint responsibility of both parties, as long as both are co-signers on the credit cards. In community property states, both are responsible, even for debt incurred by one partner.
After a divorce, the creditors of your ex-spouse are legally allowed to place liens on assets and the incomes of both of you to clear joint debts. Since in California the courts consider the debts communal, the creditors are free to make good on what either spouse owes with shared assets.
References
- https://www.boydlaworangecounty.com/responsible-ex-spouses-debts/
- https://www.consumerfinance.gov/ask-cfpb/can-debt-collectors-collect-a-debt-thats-several-years-old-en-1423/
- https://www.bankrate.com/finance/credit-cards/what-to-do-when-sued-for-credit-card-debt/
- https://www.moneylion.com/learn/debt-after-7-years/
- https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/can-paying-off-collections-raise-your-credit-score/
- https://www.moneymanagement.org/blog/this-is-how-credit-card-debt-gets-split-up-in-a-divorce
- https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/what-is-the-statute-limitations-credit-card-debt-california.html
- https://oag.ca.gov/consumers/general/debt-collectors
- https://www.sands-trustee.com/faq/am-i-responsible-for-my-spouses-debts/
- https://www.creditninja.com/blog/can-you-have-a-700-credit-score-with-collections/
- https://www.thecut.com/article/what-if-i-never-pay-my-credit-card-bill.html
- https://www.consumerfinance.gov/ask-cfpb/am-i-responsible-for-my-spouses-debts-after-they-die-en-1467/
- https://utahjustice.com/11-word-phrase-to-stop-debt-collectors
- https://www.fcwlegal.com/bankruptcy/what-can-and-cannot-be-discharged-in-bankruptcy/
- https://www.youngmarrlaw.com/does-disputing-a-debt-restart-the-statute-of-limitations/
- https://www.bankrate.com/personal-finance/credit/when-does-old-debt-fall-off-credit-report/
- https://www.kiplinger.com/personal-finance/what-happens-to-debt-in-divorce
- https://www.moneywiselaw.com/california-statute-limitations-debt/
- https://www.chase.com/personal/credit-cards/education/basics/does-divorce-hurt-credit
- https://www.onlinemortgageadvisor.co.uk/credit-reports/remove-default/
- https://www.marketwatch.com/guides/insurance-services/what-debts-are-forgiven-at-death/
- https://www.checkmyfile.com/articles/how-your-credit-score-is-affected-when-a-default-drops-off.htm
- https://www.consumerfinance.gov/ask-cfpb/should-i-share-personal-information-with-a-debt-collector-en-2098/
- https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/debt-marriage-owe-spouse-debts-29572.html
- https://www.credit.com/blog/does-your-old-debt-have-an-expiration-date/
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/finance/goodwill-letter
- https://www.opploans.com/oppu/managing-debt/will-unpaid-debt-ever-go-away-yes-but-dont-hold-your-breath/
- https://money.com/get-items-removed-from-credit-report/
- https://www.creditkarma.com/advice/i/long-collections-credit-report
- https://www.consumerfinance.gov/ask-cfpb/how-do-i-get-a-debt-collector-to-stop-contacting-me-en-1411/
- https://www.bankrate.com/finance/credit-cards/credit-card-debt-sold-to-collector/
- https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/debt-and-money/help-with-debt/dealing-with-your-debts/check-if-you-have-to-pay-a-debt/
- https://www.solosuit.com/posts/credit-card-companies-sue-non-payment
- https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/who-is-responsible-for-credit-card-debt-in-a-divorce/
- https://www.californiabankruptcyrelief.com/bankruptcy-blog/2021/05/21/married-couples-and-bank-garnishment-can-your-spouses-bank-be-garnished-for-your-debt/
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/finance/get-collections-off-credit-report
- https://hahnlaw.co.za/services/credit-bureau-clearance
- https://www.moneymanagement.org/blog/understanding-the-statutes-of-limitations-on-debt
- https://www.usatoday.com/money/blueprint/credit-score/how-to-remove-collections-from-your-credit-report/
- https://www.investopedia.com/personal-finance/which-states-are-community-property-states/
- https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/what-is-a-609-dispute-letter/
- https://smartasset.com/credit-cards/how-to-remove-a-charge-off-from-your-credit-report
- https://money.usnews.com/credit-cards/articles/what-happens-when-your-credit-card-company-sues-you
- https://www.farmermorris.com/faqs/11-word-phrase-to-stop-debt-collectors/
- https://www.latimes.com/compare-deals/credit-cards/guides/what-is-a-charge-off
- https://time.com/personal-finance/article/what-is-a-charge-off/
- https://cred.club/check-your-credit-score/articles/how-to-raise-your-credit-score-by-200-points-in-30-days
- https://www.moneyfit.org/managing-medical-debt-after-death/
- https://hermoney.com/connect/marriage/how-to-financially-protect-yourself-in-a-divorce/
- https://resources.saylor.org/wwwresources/archived/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/The-Conjugal-Debt-and-Medieval-Canon-Law.pdf
- https://www.creditstrong.com/raise-your-credit-score-100-points/
- https://cred.club/check-your-credit-score/articles/how-fast-does-a-credit-score-go-up-after-paying-off-debt
- https://www.bankrate.com/personal-finance/credit/how-to-rid-credit-report-of-old-debt/
- https://www.highradius.com/resources/Blog/what-is-credit-dispute-letter-and-how-to-dispute-credit-report/
- https://www.justia.com/debt-management/marriage-and-debt/
- https://www.solosuit.com/posts/do-debt-collectors-give-up
- https://keystone-law.com/creditor/
- https://www.stepchange.org/debt-info/debt-collection/default-notices-and-missed-payments.aspx
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/credit-cards/missed-credit-card-payments-cause-repossession
- https://www.stepchange.org/debt-info/can-i-write-off-debt/statute-barred-debt.aspx
- https://money.usnews.com/credit-cards/articles/how-to-remove-a-closed-account-from-your-credit-report
- https://www.ssdpa.com/blog/money-judgment-spouse-minnesota
- https://aro.co.uk/blog/bouncing-back-defaults-your-credit-report/
- https://www.solosuit.com/posts/eleven-word-phrase-stop-debt-collectors
- https://baylegal.org/what-we-do/stability/consumer-protections/fact-sheet-credit-card-debt-english/
- https://www.vernerbrumley.com/blog/2023/august/what-is-financial-infidelity-/
- https://www.bankrate.com/personal-finance/debt/how-long-can-a-debt-collector-pursue-old-debt/
- https://www.stepchange.org/debt-info/debt-collection/how-does-debt-affect-a-credit-file.aspx
- https://www.bankrate.com/personal-finance/debt/who-is-responsible-for-debt-after-divorce/
- https://www.abi.org/feed-item/which-spouse-is-liable-for-debts-in-california
- https://www.abi.org/feed-item/am-i-responsible-for-the-debts-of-my-spouse
- https://www.quora.com/If-someones-debt-is-sold-to-a-different-collection-agency-do-they-have-to-pay-the-new-one-or-the-old-one
- https://www.incharge.org/understanding-debt/credit-card/what-is-statute-of-limitations-all-50-states/
- https://www.chase.com/personal/credit-cards/education/basics/what-happens-to-debt-after-7-years
- https://www.freedomdebtrelief.com/learn/credit-card-debt/what-happens-to-unpaid-credit-card-debt-after-7-years/
- https://www.stimmel-law.com/en/articles/community-property-debts-when-spouse-liable-debt-incurred-other-spouse
- https://www.farmermorris.com/faqs/why-you-should-never-pay-collection-agency/
- https://upsolve.org/learn/ignore-debt-collectors-consequences/
- https://money.usnews.com/credit-cards/articles/the-truth-about-credit-card-debt-forgiveness
- https://www.equifax.com/personal/education/credit/report/articles/-/learn/how-long-does-information-stay-on-credit-report/
- https://www.bankrate.com/personal-finance/debt/reset-old-debt/
- https://www.goodrx.com/healthcare-access/medical-debt/can-a-debt-collector-sue-you
- https://upsolve.org/learn/happens-dont-pay-collection-agency/
- https://www.solosuit.com/posts/debt-sold-to-collection-agency
- https://www.gavel.io/resources/financial-infidelity-grounds-for-divorce
- https://upsolve.org/learn/609-letter/
- https://www.lexingtonlaw.com/education/does-paying-collections-improve-score
- https://www.lendingtree.com/personal/pay-off-my-spouses-debt/